Hemodynamic Monitoring via Model-Based Extended Kalman Filtering: Hemorrhage Resuscitation and Sedation Case Study

Abstract

❖ Hemorrhage resuscitation and intravenous(IV) sedation can interfere with each other in a conflicting manner, possibly driving a patient to a dangerous physiological state: (i) hemorrhage resuscitation can weaken sedation effect by lowering sedative concentration in the blood; (ii) sedation can weaken hemorrhage resuscitation effect by inducing vaso-/veno-dilation and low blood pressure.