Solar Cell

Abstract

However, as the costs of solar cells have fallen and their efficiencies have improved, demand has materialized for large arrays that can power larger facilities or feed into a utility grid ( Fig. 1 ). For residential solar energy systems, PV modules and arrays can be mounted on a structural surface, such as a rooftop and faced toward the Sun ( Fig. 3 ). When powering loads that require ac voltage, a power inverter is used to convert the dc voltage from the solar cell array into usable ac power.