DESIGN OF MINING PROCESSES USING THE STUDY OF THE STATE OF RESERVE

Abstract

Purpose. Develop a new approach to the design of processes that accompany the development of mineral deposits. This will allow considering the multiplicity and different degree of influence of the parameters on the overall efficiency. Methods. A decomposition approach is applied to optimize multi-parameter processes of mining production. Network models and optimization algorithms on networks and graphs for finding the optimal strategy for the development of mineral deposits. A model of the study of changes in the state of reserves for the design of technological processes that accompany the extraction of minerals. Results. The method of optimization of the parameters of the development of mineral deposits was proposed based on the presentation of alternative options of technological processes in the form of a network model. Depending on the type of mineral, as well as the expediency of mining waste enrichment, two design strategies are proposed. If it is advisable to enrich the waste, then it is necessary to maximize the value of a ton of rock mass. If it is impractical to enrich mining waste, it is necessary to minimize the costs of mining a ton of mineral. To increase the efficiency of exploitation of ore deposits of minerals, it is proposed to use mining waste as a component mixture for paving the produced space. The volume of work on the establishment of the developed space is determined on the basis of marginal analysis. In order to increase the efficiency of the operation of coal deposits, it is proposed to minimize the amount of waste that comes to the surface. Alternative options for the exploitation of the coal deposit were considered and two strategies were proposed: one consists in the minimization of waste, which involves selective extraction and laying of the produced space, and the other strategy consists in the maximization of the extraction of associated minerals, which involves combine extraction, separation of cargo flows, additional enrichment of waste. Scientific novelty. Scientific novelty consists in the development of a new approach, as well as in the creation of models for the development of mineral deposits. The algorithm for designing the process of development of mineral deposits is given. If it is impractical to enrich mining waste, then we apply the programming of the alternative graph to the minimum, which will minimize the cost of extracting 1 ton of useful mineral, in the other case, the programming of the alternative graph to the maximum, which will allow to maximize the cost of 1 ton of mining mass. Fulfillment of these conditions will increase the efficiency of production and reduce the man-made load on the environment. Practical implication. It consists in the creation of a package of application programs for designing the processes of development of mineral deposits. Keywords: strategy, production waste, design, ecology, technological scheme, graph, software.