ANALYSIS OF THE ENERGY CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPONENTS OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE OF A CITY WITH A POPULATION OF 300 000 PEOPLE

Abstract

The results of experimental studies of humidity, ash content, calorific value for сomponents of municipal solid waste in Cherkassy city are presented. The results of the research are used to develop an integrated waste management and recycling system in the Cherkassy city.  The waste management strategy has been adopted in Ukraine. It determines the main directions of reforming the system of sanitary cleaning of cities in order to minimize environmental pollution in accordance with EU standards. In the process of preparation of the regional implementation plan for the Strategy in Cherkassy, a study of the morphology, energy and environmental characteristics of the components of solid domestic waste (SDW) was made. This article presents the results of experimental studies of humidity, calorific value and ash content for 8 components of waste: paper, cardboard, composite materials, textiles, hygiene products, plastic, other combustible materials, wood shavings are presented. Humidity is also determined in organic residues and in fine fractions. The investigations were carried out at the experimental stand of the Institute of Technical Thermophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Due to the absence in Ukraine of standards for the study of energy characteristics of solid waste, the measurements were carried out in accordance with standards for solid organic fuels, which slightly differ from the EU methods for the study of solid waste. In order to develop regional integrated waste management plans within the framework of the strategy implementation, based on the qualitative analysis of MSW components, it is necessary to develop standards for determining the energy characteristics of SDW in line with European normative documents. The study of the energy characteristics of solid waste showed a significant heterogeneity in the components of solid waste, which significantly complicated the determination of characteristics and led to a considerable scatter of results and an increase in measurement uncertainty. This happened due to low weight and the need for thorough homogenization of the sample, which was experimentally investigated in accordance with the method of preparation of an analytical sample. The article analyzes need for adaptation of the European methods of detailed morphology of solid domestic waste in Ukraine, which is necessary for separate waste collection. The results of the research are used to develop an integrated waste management and recycling system in the city of Cherkassy.