PELUANG DAN TANTANGAN PENGEMBANGAN BISNIS INKLUSIF PERIKANAN TUNA SKALA KECIL DI PULAU MOROTAI

Riesti Triyanti, Hakim Miftakhul Huda, Rizki Aprilian Wijaya, Achmad Zamroni
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Potensi Kabupaten Pulau Morotai untuk mendukung produksi tuna sirip kuning provinsi maupun nasional sangat besar, namun tingkat pemanfaatannya rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis: (1) kelayakan finansial usaha, (2) rantai pasok, (3) model bisnis eksisting, dan (4) strategi pengembangan bisnis. Penelitian dilaksanakan Maret hingga Juni 2021 di Kecamatan Morotai Selatan, Timur, dan Barat. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan 60 nelayan dan pendalaman dengan pedagang besar, pengelola koperasi, unit pengolahan tuna. Analisis mencakup kelayakan usaha, rantai pasok, SWOT, dan deskriptif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penangkapan tuna di Morotai, yang dilakukan menggunakan alat pancing ulur dan tonda dan armada kapal motor dan kapal motor tempel memberikan penghasilan memadai bagi nelayan, namun sistem bisnis yang ada masih perlu ditingkatkan. Keuntungan yang diperoleh nelayan adalah Rp 153 juta untuk alat pancing ukur dengan kapal motor dan berturut-turut Rp 1,1 milyar dan Rp 134 juta untuk alat pancing ulur dan tonda dengan kapal motor tempel. Rantai pasok tuna di Morotai terdiri dari lima simpul, dengan share terbesar pada simpul koperasi, yaitu 45%. Hasil lain menunjukkan bahwa dalam sistem bisnis eksisting di Kepulauan Morotai terdapat kelompok nelayan yang belum inklusif dalam rantai pasok tuna, tidak bermitra dengan koperasi, tidak memiliki akses pasar, dan tidak terlibat dalam penentuan harga. Strategi pengembangan bisnis inklusif tuna di Morotai yang dapat direkomendasikan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah penerapan model pengelolaan perikanan terpadu yang didukung: (i) pasar yang mengakomodasikan investor rantai pasok, (ii) pembukaan akses permodalan bank, dan (iii) kemitraan nelayan dengan koperasi sebagai perantara dan unit pengolah ikan sebagai mitra bisnis. Title: Prospect and Challenges for the Development of Small Scale Tuna Fisheries Inclusive Business in Morotai IslandThe potential of the Morotai Island Regency to support the production of provincial and national yellowfin tuna is very large, but its utilization is low. The research aims to analyze: (1) the financial viability of the business, (2) the supply chain, (3) the existing business model, and (4) the business development strategy. The research was conducted from March to June 2021 in the South, East, and West Morotai Subdistrict. Primary data was collected through interviews with 60 fishers and deepening with wholesalers, cooperative managers, tuna processing units. The analysis includes business feasibility, supply chain, SWOT, and descriptive. The results showed that tuna fishing in Morotai, which was carried out using fishing rods and tonda and a fleet of motorboats and outboard motorboats, provided adequate income for fishers, but the existing business system still needed to be improved. The profit obtained byfishermen is IDR 153 million for measuring fishing rods with motorboats and IDR 1.1 billion and IDR 134 million for fishing rods and trolleys with outboard motorboats. The tuna supply chain in Morotai consists of five nodes, with the largest share in cooperative nodes, which is 45%. Other results show that in theexisting business system in the Morotai Islands, there are fishing groups that are not yet included in the tuna supply chain, do not partner with cooperatives, do not have market access, and are not involved in pricing. The tuna inclusive business development strategy in Morotai that can be recommended fromthe results of this study is the implementation of an integrated fisheries management model supported:(i) a market that accommodates supply chain investors, (ii) the opening of bank capital access, and (iii) fisher’s partnership with cooperatives as intermediaries and fish processing units as business partners.
机遇和挑战小规模商业发展包容性金枪鱼渔业在出岛
Morotai岛可能会有很大的潜力来支持该省和全国生产黄鳍金枪鱼,但它的摄入量很低。本研究旨在分析:(1)企业财务可行性,(2)企业供应链,(3)商业建模,(4)企业发展战略。这项研究于2021年3月在莫罗泰南部、东部和西部地区进行。主要数据是通过采访60名渔民和与大商人、合作社经理、金枪鱼加工部门的合作人员进行的采访收集的。分析包括可行性企业、供应链、SWOT和描述性。结果表明,在Morotai捕获的金枪鱼使用钓竿和tonda,用汽艇和舷外汽艇为渔民提供了足够的收入,但现有的商业体系仍需要改进。渔民获得的优势是用摩托艇量钓15亿卢比,以及与舷外汽艇连在一起的1.11亿卢比和1.134亿卢比。Morotai的金枪鱼供应链由5节组成,合作社打结的最大份额是45%。另一项结果表明,在Morotai群岛的现有商业体系中,存在着一群不具包容性的渔民,他们与合作社合作,没有市场准入,也没有参与定价。包容性商业发展战略在出金枪鱼可以推荐的这个研究结果是支持统一的渔业管理模型的应用:(i)条链mengakomodasikan投资者提供的市场开幕,(ii)地区银行通道,和(iii)合伙渔民合作社作为中间人和处理器单元鱼作为商业伙伴。标题:小金枪鱼在摩洛哥发展的前景与挑战,其潜在的Morotai Island支持区域和国家黄鳍金枪鱼的生产,但其用途是低。分析研究小组:(1)商业的财务能力,(2)供应链,(3)存在商业模式,(4)商业发展战略。这项研究是今年3月在东、西、摩洛哥子区进行的。主要数据是通过60费雪的采访收集的,与wholesas, cooperation managers, tuna processing units进行调查。商业激活,供应链,SWOT和description分析。最近的遗迹表明,这些金枪鱼是用钓鱼、吨达和舰队的摩托艇和舷外摩托艇来钓鱼的,但存在的商业系统仍然需要被污染。以利润为目的的byfishermen是1530万美元,用摩托艇和IDR 1.1亿美元,IDR值134万美元,用于在舷外驾驶摩托车上钓鱼。5个点的金枪鱼供应链,其中最大的份额是45%。还有一些建议是,在Morotai群岛存在的商业系统中,有一群不包括金枪鱼供应链的人,没有合作伙伴,没有市场访问,也没有参与购买。《出金枪鱼(inclusive business development个会,这可以成为recommended fromthe results of this study is The implementation of an集成fisheries管理模型supported:(i) a市场那accommodates供应链investors开幕式》(第2卷),银行资本通道,费希尔和(iii)的伙伴关系”与美国cooperatives intermediaries美国business partners和fish加工单位。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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