A Review of Internet of Things (IoT) based Engineering Applications and Data Fusion Challenges for Multi-rate Multi-sensor Systems

Abstract

This paper reviews and looks into three case studies of Internet of Things (IoT) based engineering applications, i.e., the artificial pancreas device, vehicle-to-vehicle communication, and the Boeing’s flight control system of maneuvering characteristics augmentation system (MCAS). These applications span from emerging medical devices to intelligent transportation to advanced system control domains. We observe that all three investigated applications are built on the five primitives of IoT, which are sensor, aggregator, communication channel, external utility, and decision trigger. Through a thorough investigation and abstraction of the three case studies of IoT applications, one key research question is identified as the fusion of multiple streams of different frequency data inputs. A comprehensive literature review on multi-rate multi-sensor data fusion is presented. Lastly, additional IoT induced research challenges and opportunities are discussed and summarized.