Pragmatics of a World To-Be-Made

Martin Savransky
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引用次数: 9

Abstract

We might as well begin with a paradox. After all, how is the problematic expressed if not through a sort of paradox of our present, one whereby the present becomes fugitive, boiling over itself, constituting a time ‘while passing in the time constituted’ (Deleuze 1994: 79)? So does the proposition of this book, of thinking the problematic, confront us with a paradox in which the problematic makes itself manifest, from which it cracks open, proffering itself fugitively in search of new presents. And the paradox is this: What does thought ever do, if it does not think the problematic? What is thinking if not the event of becoming possessed by a problematic one cannot shake, let alone properly state, a problematic that spurs the thinker into thinking, feeling and doing? This is what William James (1890: 401) alluded to when he suggested that ‘the thought is itself the thinker, and psychology needs not look beyond’. For the thinker is constituted as such by a problematic for which it becomes a means.1 James expounded on this idea with his concept of a ‘fringe’, a fringe of felt relations on the edge of which thoughts – which is also to say, thinkers – swim. The fringe constitutes a vector of indetermination, and in ‘all voluntary thinking there is some topic or subject about which all the members of the thought revolve. Half the time this topic is a problem, a gap we cannot yet fill with a definite picture, word, or phrase, but which, in the manner described some time back, inf luences us in an intensely active and determinate psychic way. Whatever may be the images and phrases that pass before us, we feel their relation to this aching gap. To fill it up is our thought’s destiny.’ (James 1890: 80)
未来世界的语用学
我们不妨从一个悖论开始。毕竟,如果不是通过我们现在的一种悖论,那么问题是如何表达的呢?在这种悖论中,现在变成了一个逃亡者,沸腾着自己,构成了一个“在被构成的时间中流逝”的时间(德勒兹1994:79)?这本书的命题,思考有问题的问题,让我们面对一个悖论,在这个悖论中,有问题的问题使自己显现出来,从中裂开,在寻找新的礼物时逃亡。矛盾之处在于:如果思想不思考问题,它还能做什么?思考是什么,如果不是被一个无法摆脱的问题所占据的事件,更不用说正确地陈述,一个问题,刺激思想家思考,感受和行动?这就是威廉·詹姆斯(William James, 1890: 401)在提出“思想本身就是思想者,心理学不需要超越”时所暗示的。因为思想者是由一个问题构成的,而思想者则成为问题的手段詹姆斯用他的“边缘”概念阐述了这一观点,这是一种感觉关系的边缘,思想——也就是说,思想家——游走在边缘。边缘构成一种不确定性的载体,而在一切自主思维中,都有一个主题或主题,思想的所有环节都围绕着这个主题或主题。有一半的时间,这个话题是一个问题,一个我们还不能用一个明确的图片、单词或短语来填补的空白,但它以一种强烈的、积极的、决定性的精神方式影响着我们。无论在我们面前闪过的是什么样的画面和话语,我们都能感受到它们与这一痛苦的鸿沟的关系。把它填满是我们思想的宿命。(詹姆斯1890:80)
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