Frecuencia de alteraciones en parámetros analíticos de laboratorio en pacientes con VIH en tratamiento con medicamentos antirretrovirales en la Unidad de Infectología del Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga durante el período 2018 - 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND: According to the WHO, in 2021 there were 28.7 million people infected with HIV in the world under antiretroviral treatment. Although antiretroviral therapy has improved the survival of people with HIV, the adverse effects caused directly or indirectly by antiretroviral therapy have caused poor adherence to it, leading to therapeutic failure. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of laboratory parameters alterations in HIV patients under treatment with antiretroviral drugs. METHODS: A descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study was carried out. The sample consisted of 233 patients diagnosed with HIV under antiretroviral treatment, treated at the Infectious Diseases Unit of Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga. The analyzed variables were: age, sex, treatment regimen; alterations were sought in the following variables: lymphocyte count, hemoglobin, blood triglycerides, blood glucose, neutrophil count, transaminases, bilirubin, creatinine, urea and lactic acid. RESULTS: The majority of patients were male (86.70%), mainly between 30 and 39 years of age (33.91%). The most used scheme was "Tenofovir + Emtricitabine + Efavirenz" (57.94%). The laboratory analytical alteration presented most frequently in all treatment schemes, except for Tenofovir+ Emtricitabine + Lopinavir+ Ritonavir, was hypertriglyceridemia (25.75%). 24.46% of the patients did not present any analytical alteration. CONCLUSION: The majority of HIV patients during 2018-2019, in HEJCA, were male, between 30 and 39 years of age. The most widely used treatment scheme was "Tenofovir + Emtricitabine + Efavirenz". Hypertriglyceridemia was the most frequent laboratory abnormality, followed by hyperglycemia and anemia. A quarter of the study population did not show any laboratory abnormalities with the prescribed treatment schemes.