Interleukin-35 Level in Acne Vulgaris: A meta-analysis

Abstract

Introduction: Interleukin-35 (IL-35) is an emerging biomarker at the forefront of research for diagnoses and treatments for acne vulgaris (AV). AV, commonly known as acne, is a skin disorder that affects millions of people across the globe. It is often seen in teens and young adults and is the most common skin disorder in the United States. Aim of the study: To compare the outputs of different studies about IL-35 levels in AV patients as an anti-inflammatory cytokine. Methods: This meta-analysis follows the PRISMA flow diagram and the guidelines of the Cochrane Handbook. We searched several electronic databases, such as the Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus, from inception to April 2021 without any language restriction. We included patients with AV. Age: more than 18 and less than 35 years and both sex Result: The present study showed that there was a highly statistically significant difference between patients and controls regarding IL-35 levels in serum and tissue. Results of the meta-analysis show that IL-35 levels in serum and tissues are significantly higher in the patients group compared with the control ( P<0.001 ). The pooled effect estimate revealed that there is significant difference between IL-35 levels in tissues according to grade of mild, moderate, and severe subgroups ( P<0.001 ) Conclusion: Serum and tissue IL-35 were found to be major anti-inflammatory cytokines released by the sebaceous glands in our investigation. They were substantially more prevalent among acne patients. They were thought to play an important role in acne treatment at numerous points due to their anti-inflammatory properties. That could be hampered in AV by hitherto unknown impediments.