{"title":"Pengaruh Ekstrak Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao) Dalam Menghambat Penyakit Layu Fusarium Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Tomat","authors":"A. Abdillah, R. Rachmawaty, A. Mu’nisa","doi":"10.35580/SAINSMAT81127642019","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Tanaman budidaya tidak dapat dipisahkan dari penyakit, penyakit ini disebabkan oleh patogen yang dapat merusak proses fisiologi tanaman. patogen ini dapat berupa bakteri atau jamur. Layu fusarium disebabkan oleh fusarium oxysporum, pada tomat penyakit ini disebabkan oleh fusarium oxysporum f. sp lycopersici. Penyakit ini bisa menyebabkan kerugian besar bagi petani. Penggunaan fungisida sintetik telah banyak digunakan untuk mengendalikan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh fusarium oxysporum tetapi memiliki efek buruk yang besar terhadap lingkungan, oleh karena itu diperlukan fungisida biologis yang ramah lingkungan dalam mengendalikan penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas fungisida alami yang diperoleh dari buah kakao. Dalam penelitian ini 6 perlakuan digunakan, P0 (kontrol tanaman sehat tanpa pengobatan), P1 (kontrol tanaman sakit diobati F. oxysporum), P2 (pengobatan ekstrak kakao 2% + perlakuan F. oxysporum) P3 (pengobatan ekstrak buah kakao ekstrak 5% + perlakuan F. oxysporum), P4 (perlakuan ekstrak buah kakao 8% + perlakuan F. oxysporum) P5 (perlakuan benomyl + perlakuan F. oxysporum) Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fungisida nabati dari ekstrak biji kakao mampu menghambat layu fusarium. Setiap perlakuan memiliki efek yang sama pada tinggi maksimum tanaman tomat, jumlah buah dan berat buah. Tinggi tanaman tertinggi, jumlah daun dan berat buah tertinggi pada perlakuan ekstrak 8% dan terendah adalah 2% perlakuan ekstrak. Kata Kunci : Layu Fusarium, Fusarium Oxysporum, Fungisida Alami Cultivation plants are inseparable from disease, this disease is caused by pathogens that can damage plant physiology processes. these pathogens can be either bacteria or fungi. Fusarium wilt is caused by fusarium oxysporum, in tomatoes this disease is caused by fusarium oxysporum f. sp lycopersici. This disease can cause huge losses to farmers. The use of synthetic fungicides has been widely used to control diseases caused by fusarium oxysporum but has a major adverse effect on the environment, therefore it is necessary to have an environmentally friendly biological fungicide in controlling the disease. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of natural fungicides obtained from cocoa pods. In this study 6 treatments were used, P0 (control of healthy plants without treatment), P1 (control of sick plants treated F. oxysporum), P2 (treatment of 2% cocoa pods extract + treatment of F. oxysporum ) P3 (treatment of cocoa pods extract 5 % + treatment of F. oxysporum ), P4 (treatment of 8% cocoa pods extract + treatment of F. oxysporum) P5 (treatment of benomyl + treatment F. oxysporum ) The results showed that vegetable fungicides from cocoa pods extract were able to inhibit fusarium wilt. Each treatment has the same effect on the maximum height of tomato plants, number of fruits and weight of fruit. The highest plant height, number of leaves and highest fruit weight was at 8% extract treatment and the lowest was 2% extract treatmen. Keywords: fusarium wilt. Fusarium oxysporum, natural fungicide","PeriodicalId":347044,"journal":{"name":"Sainsmat : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam","volume":"402 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Sainsmat : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.35580/SAINSMAT81127642019","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Tanaman budidaya tidak dapat dipisahkan dari penyakit, penyakit ini disebabkan oleh patogen yang dapat merusak proses fisiologi tanaman. patogen ini dapat berupa bakteri atau jamur. Layu fusarium disebabkan oleh fusarium oxysporum, pada tomat penyakit ini disebabkan oleh fusarium oxysporum f. sp lycopersici. Penyakit ini bisa menyebabkan kerugian besar bagi petani. Penggunaan fungisida sintetik telah banyak digunakan untuk mengendalikan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh fusarium oxysporum tetapi memiliki efek buruk yang besar terhadap lingkungan, oleh karena itu diperlukan fungisida biologis yang ramah lingkungan dalam mengendalikan penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas fungisida alami yang diperoleh dari buah kakao. Dalam penelitian ini 6 perlakuan digunakan, P0 (kontrol tanaman sehat tanpa pengobatan), P1 (kontrol tanaman sakit diobati F. oxysporum), P2 (pengobatan ekstrak kakao 2% + perlakuan F. oxysporum) P3 (pengobatan ekstrak buah kakao ekstrak 5% + perlakuan F. oxysporum), P4 (perlakuan ekstrak buah kakao 8% + perlakuan F. oxysporum) P5 (perlakuan benomyl + perlakuan F. oxysporum) Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fungisida nabati dari ekstrak biji kakao mampu menghambat layu fusarium. Setiap perlakuan memiliki efek yang sama pada tinggi maksimum tanaman tomat, jumlah buah dan berat buah. Tinggi tanaman tertinggi, jumlah daun dan berat buah tertinggi pada perlakuan ekstrak 8% dan terendah adalah 2% perlakuan ekstrak. Kata Kunci : Layu Fusarium, Fusarium Oxysporum, Fungisida Alami Cultivation plants are inseparable from disease, this disease is caused by pathogens that can damage plant physiology processes. these pathogens can be either bacteria or fungi. Fusarium wilt is caused by fusarium oxysporum, in tomatoes this disease is caused by fusarium oxysporum f. sp lycopersici. This disease can cause huge losses to farmers. The use of synthetic fungicides has been widely used to control diseases caused by fusarium oxysporum but has a major adverse effect on the environment, therefore it is necessary to have an environmentally friendly biological fungicide in controlling the disease. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of natural fungicides obtained from cocoa pods. In this study 6 treatments were used, P0 (control of healthy plants without treatment), P1 (control of sick plants treated F. oxysporum), P2 (treatment of 2% cocoa pods extract + treatment of F. oxysporum ) P3 (treatment of cocoa pods extract 5 % + treatment of F. oxysporum ), P4 (treatment of 8% cocoa pods extract + treatment of F. oxysporum) P5 (treatment of benomyl + treatment F. oxysporum ) The results showed that vegetable fungicides from cocoa pods extract were able to inhibit fusarium wilt. Each treatment has the same effect on the maximum height of tomato plants, number of fruits and weight of fruit. The highest plant height, number of leaves and highest fruit weight was at 8% extract treatment and the lowest was 2% extract treatmen. Keywords: fusarium wilt. Fusarium oxysporum, natural fungicide
不可分割的农业作物的疾病,是由病原体会损害植物生理学过程。这种病原体可以是细菌或真菌。死亡的恶语恶语是由恶语恶语滋养体喂养引起的,这种疾病是由恶语滋养体f. sp利器引发的。这种疾病可能会给农民带来巨大的损失。使用杀菌剂合成已被广泛用于控制疾病引起的fusarium oxysporum但对环境有很大的负面影响,因此有必要杀菌剂中环保控制疾病的生物。本研究旨在测试可可来自水果的天然杀菌剂的有效性。6这项研究中使用的待遇,P0(控制植物疾病没有治疗),P1(控制植物健康医学治疗F . oxysporum), P2(可可提取物2% + F . oxysporum待遇)P3(可可果实提取物治疗提取5% + F . oxysporum待遇),P4(可可果实提取物待遇8% + F . oxysporum) P5 (benomyl待遇待遇+ F . oxysporum待遇)的研究结果表明,植物杀菌剂可可豆提取物能够抑制fusarium枯萎。每个待遇都有同样的效果高的番茄最大,数量和重量水果。身高最高的植物,叶子的数量,体重约8%的提取物和最低待遇是2%的最高的水果提取物的待遇。关键词:Fusarium枯萎,Fusarium Oxysporum,耕耘植物天然杀菌剂是疾病,这个疾病是枪舌战pathogens inseparable从那可以避plant physiology processes。这些病原体要么是细菌,要么是真菌。愤怒是由氧孢子喂养的,这种疾病是由氧孢子喂养的。这个疾病可以向农民因为巨大的损失社会化。合成之用fungicides已被控制widely used to diseases枪舌战fusarium oxysporum但有a少校adverse效应《环境是必要的,这就是it has to have an environmentally友好的生物fungicide条控制的疾病。这个研究显示其》aims to examine自然fungicides获得来自可可豆荚。In this study 6 treatments是过去,P0(控制健康的植物没有治疗),P1 (control of生病的植物,枉F . oxysporum), P2(+ 2%可可豆荚extract的治疗治疗的F . oxysporum) P3(治疗的可可豆荚extract 5 % + F . oxysporum)的治疗,P4(治疗8%的可可豆荚extract + F . oxysporum) P5的治疗(治疗的治疗benomyl + F . oxysporum)《results那里那个蔬菜fungicides从可可豆荚extract是能干到inhibit fusarium威尔特。每治疗有不变效应on the maximum番茄植物的高地,照》和重量的当家水果。《最高普兰特高地,树叶和最高的当家水果的重量是8% extract extract进行治疗和lowest是2%。安装:fusarium威尔特。Fusarium oxysporum,自然fungicide