Ząb pośrodkowy żuchwy – przegląd piśmiennictwa

Abstract

The mandibular mesiodens is an anomaly consisting in the occurrence of a supernumerary tooth in the described area. The few described cases of this pathology are summarized in this article. The literature review was conducted using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, using two sets of keywords each time. Further analysis of the collected articles allowed inclusion of case reports from the last two decades in the review. 18 cases of the occurrence of the medial tooth of the mandible were compared. The possible aetiology of this developmental anomaly could not be determined. The most likely pathogenesis is the hyperactivity of the dental lamina. Among the diagnostic methods, the sumative and three-dimensional imaging methods play an important role. Depending on the case, two various treatment methods are undertaken: surgical, meaning removal of the supernumerary tooth or conservative, consisting in correction of its shape. The prognosis using both methods is good. Mandibular mesiodens is extremely rare, with similar frequency in both genders, and its occurrence often coexists with the agenesis of other mandibular teeth. Both extraction and conservative treatment have a good therapeutic effect.