Realistic Mathematics Textbook Toward The Students’ Mathematical Generalization Skills

Abstract

Generalisasi merupakan ciri siswa dapat berpikir matematis. Guru dapat mengembangkan bahan ajar berbentuk buku teks untuk memfasilitasi kemampuan generalisasi. Penelitian ini merupakan hasil pengembangan model ADDIE yaitu tahap penerapan dan evaluasi, dengan produk berupa buku teks matematika kelas VIII semester genap yang berorientasi pada kemampuan generalisasi matematis siswa. Buku teks dengan pendekatan Pendidikan Matematika Realistik (RME) ini memuat lima prinsip meliputi eksplorasi fenomenologi, menjembatani dengan instrumen vertikal, kontruksi dan produksi siswa, interaktivitas, dan keterkaitan. Melalui alur kegiatan pemberian lebih dari satu konteks permasalahan, identifikasi kesamaan pola atau strategi hingga penarikan kesimpulan terkait materi, serta pemberian latihan soal pemodelan, buku teks ini telah memfasilitasi kemampuan generalisasi matematis. Berdasarkan hasil penerapan buku teks yang melibatkan 30 siswa kelas VIII salah satu SMP Negeri di Yogyakarta, persentase banyaknya siswa pada kategori good memenuhi batas minimal 75% yaitu mencapai 93,33%.  Generalization is a feature that students can think mathematically. Teachers can develop teaching materials in the form of textbooks to facilitate generalization abilities. This study was the developmental stage of ADDIE model, namely the implementation and evaluation. The study produced a textbook for 8th grade even semester which was oriented to students' mathematical generalization skills. The textbook integrating a realistic mathematics education approach contained five principles including phenomenological exploration, bridging by vertical instruments, pupils’ own constructions and productions, interactivity, and intertwining. The flow of activities provided more than one problem context, identifying similarities in patterns or strategies to draw conclusions related to the material as well as modeling exercises to facilitate students' mathematical generalization abilities. Based on the results of textbook implementation involving 30 8th grade students from one of a state junior high school in Yogyakarta, the percentage of students in good category met the minimum point of 75%, which reached 93.33%.