A 0.5 mm2 Ambient Light-Driven Solar Cell-Powered Biofuel Cell-Input Biosensing System with LED Driving for Stand-Alone RF-Less Continuous Glucose Monitoring Contact Lens

Abstract

This work presents the first solar cell (SC)-powered biofuel cell (BFC)-input biosensing system using 65 nm CMOS with pulse interval modulation (PIM) and pulse density modulation (PDM) LED driving capability for stand-alone RF-less continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) contact lenses, which notices diabetes patients of CGM level without any external devices. LED implementation can eliminate the necessity of wireless communication. Power supply from on-lens SCs can eliminate the necessity of wireless power delivery, enabling a fully stand-alone operation under office-room ambient light.