Macro Trends of Sustainable Income for Sustainable Development; Case Study of Tehran Municipality

Abstract

Generally, the income sources of the municipalities of Iran during different periods have varied. By1983, the government had virtually contributed to the financing of the municipalities of the country. But in the same year's budget law, municipalities were expected to become self three years. Accordingly, the Interior Ministry was supposed to provide a new financial system for municipalities. As a result of this law, an important part of the state financial assistance to the municipalities was cut off while a new income system didn’t replace the government's grants. Simultaneously with the application of self-sufficiency policies, municipalities resorted to various forms of urban spending. The most important and most commonly used methods are the introduction of new impositions or the development of impositions. Revenues such as the impositions of buildings, selling building density, penalties such as fines for land use change.