Decarbonisation of Rural Networks Within Mainland Scotland: In Support of Intentional Islanding

Abstract

This paper investigates the role of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) in the decarbonisation of rural networks within mainland Scotland and considers the challenges with the transition to 100% renewable powered networks. In doing so particular attention is placed on the relationship with the wider network and this leads us to consider the use of intentional islanding as a mechanism for supporting distributed grid operation. Geographic Information System (GIS) data provided by Scottish Power Energy Networks is translated for use in power flow modelling software OpenDSS and this forms the basis for the studied MV and LV networks. The modelling approach includes simulating line capacity constraints upstream of the 33/11 kV primary transformer and then analysing the corresponding control response under a series of scenarios for two differing seasonal cases. The findings emphasise the importance of battery sizing and highlight the challenges involved in its use to displace back-up diesel generation but also to provide grid management services and facilitate intentional islanding decisions. The findings support the development of carbon intensity dynamic control as a metric to inform flexibility management decisions and control actions in rural areas for a system wide carbon benefit.