Droplet Mixer based on Siphon-Induced Flow Discretization and Phase Shifting

Abstract

We present a novel mixing principle for centrifugal microfluidic platforms. Siphon structures are designed to disrupt continuous flows in a controlled manner into a sequence of discrete droplets, displaying individual volumes as low as 60 nL. When discrete volumes of different liquids are alternately issued into a common reservoir, a striation pattern of alternating liquid layers is obtained. In this manner diffusion distances are drastically decreased and a fast and homogeneous mixing is achieved. Efficient mixing is demonstrated for a range of liquid combinations of varying fluid properties such as aqueous inks or saline solutions and human plasma. Volumes of 5 ¿L have been mixed in less than 20 s to a high mixing quality. One-step dilutions of plasma in a standard phosphate buffer solution up to 1:5 are also demonstrated.