Smart Traffic Lights using Image Processing Algorithms

Abstract

Conventional methods of traffic light systems are unable to deal with the ongoing issues surrounding congestion. The current traffic light models are not suited to tackle problems such as traffic jams, ease of access for emergency vehicles and prevention of accidents. In order to counteract these issues, we propose the 'Smart traffic light control system'.The adopted Traffic Light Controllers (TLC) in Gaza, are based on microcontroller and microprocessor. These TLCs have limitations because they use the pre-defined hardware, which is functioning according to the program that does not have the flexibility of modification on real time basis. Due to the fixed time intervals of green, orange and red signals the waiting time is more and car uses more fuel.The intended project will focus on two aspects of implementation. First and foremost, to make traffic light controlling more efficient, image processing alongside with embedded system, will be used. This system will intelligently decide when to alternate signals based on the total traffic on each road detected by cameras on each lane which will increase road capacity and traffic flow.Secondly, the minor component consists of the ability to control the traffic signals by an android application throughout the Bluetooth and wireless connection. This will be controlled by the traffic warden or police officer.The prototype of the system has been built and tested. The model is better than the current system which is limited to the Fixed Mode Traffic Light Controller. It is observed that the proposed smart Traffic Light Controller is more efficient than the conventional controller in respect of less waiting time, more distance travelled by average vehicles and efficient operation during emergency mode.