Adapting CMR sequences for CHD and imaging small patients

Abstract

In this chapter, the necessary modifications to common cardiovascular magnetic resonance sequences will be discussed. Specific areas that will be covered are: optimization of steady-state free precession cine imaging for the assessment of function, whole heart imaging in infants and children, velocity-encoded phase contrast magnetic resonance for the assessment of flow in paediatrics, and modification of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiographic sequences in childhood. In addition, various methods of dealing with respiratory motion in children will be discussed.