Heterogeneous Integration of GaN LED on CMOS Driver Circuit for Mobile Phone Applications

Abstract

We have demonstrated the heterogeneous integration of GaN LEDs directly on top of silicon CMOS driver circuitry for further miniaturization of systems such as the smartphone flash. This novel fully-integrated system includes flash and torch mode functions. The integrated LED and driver chip shows good performance with maximum efficiency of 85.7%. The concept, circuit design integration process, and electrical performance will be further discussed in this paper.