My Approach to Three-Dimensional Echocardiography for Pathophysiological Classification of Tricuspid Regurgitation

Abstract

better resolution than images obtained by TEE. Even though all protocols start with two-dimensional (2D) assessment of the TV, three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) plays an important role in the evaluation of TV diseases, due not only to its ability to precisely depict the anatomy of the valve and the subvalvular apparatus, but also to its accuracy in quantitation of right ventricular (RV) and right atrial volumes and function and functional analysis of valvular dysfunction, especially for grading TR and evaluating dynamics of the tricuspid annulus