Impacts of Advances in Standards for Inverter-Based Resources Controls on Distance Protection

Abstract

This paper conducts a case study on the impacts of Inverter-Based Resources (IBR), specifically Full-Converter Wind Generators (FCWG), on self-polarized quadrilateral distance protection. In the context of standards and grid codes, the paper highlights the importance of recent advances in standardizations (IEEE 2800–2022) for IBR controls since potential improvements in the performance of distance protection have been noted. Several contingency scenarios are simulated in a system with a typical IBR interconnection topology with the transmission system. By assessing the impedance trajectories in the complex plane, such as those usually considered by commercial relays, it is possible to prove and explain the improvements resulting from the new standardizations to the distance protection function.