The characteristic of the component body composition of athletes involved in game-based and cyclic kinds of sports

S. V. Gudimov, A. N. Shkrebko, I. A. Osetrov, I. E. Pleshcheev, M. Kuznetsov
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Objective: to determine a component body composition of students specializing in volleyball and athletics and to conduct a comparative analysis of the results.Materials and methods: the study was conducted at the Department of physical training and sports at the Yaroslavl State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The study included students from different groups of physical training: volleyball (10 men and 10 women), athletics (10 women) (experimental groups), and first­year students that attended physical training classes (14 men and 16 women) (control group).Results: significant differences were revealed between the anthropometric measurements in the experimental groups of the studied women and between the results of anthropometric measurements in the female volleyball players, female athletes, and students from the control group. Significant differences were revealed in the component body composition of the studied women from the experimental and control groups. The analysis of the results of anthropometric measurements in the experimental and control groups of men did not reveal any significant differences between the parameters. Bioimpedancemetry revealed significant differences in the composition of the internal milieu of volleyball players in comparison with the control group.Conclusions: 1. differences were revealed in the component composition of the body of female athletes involved in game­based and cyclic kinds of sport as well as in the parameters of bio­impedance of female volleyball players and the control group. Female volleyball players had higher parameters of total body fluids, intracellular and extracellular fluids, fat­free, fat, and active cell mass in comparison with female light athletes and the control group. The differences in the obtained results were more significant in the experimental groups. 2. Bio­impendance analysis of men showed significant differences in the component body composition of volleyball players in comparison with untrained students. The parameters of total body fluids, fat­free, fat, and active cell mass in sportsmen exceeded the same parameters in the control group. 3. Differences were established in the anthropometric parameters depending on the sport­oriented specialization of female students. Female volleyball players had higher values of mass, length, body weight index, and body surface area, the circumferences of the pelvis, thighs, and wrists in comparison with the results obtained in female light athletes. Similar differences were revealed in the anthropometric parameters of female volleyball players and students from the control group. Significantly lower values of the body weight index, circumference of the chest and pelvis of female athletes were registered in comparison with students from the control group. Male volleyball players did not have significant differences in the anthropometric parameters. They tended to have an increase in the body mass, length and surface area of the body, circumference of the chest, thighs, and wrists.
竞技类和循环类运动中运动员身体成分的特征
目的:确定排球专业学生和田径专业学生的某一身体成分,并对结果进行对比分析。材料和方法:这项研究是在俄罗斯联邦卫生部雅罗斯拉夫尔国立医科大学体育训练和运动系进行的。这项研究包括来自不同体育训练组的学生:排球(10男10女)、田径(10女)(实验组)和参加体育训练课的一年级学生(14男16女)(对照组)。结果:实验组女性的人体测量结果与对照组女排运动员、女运动员和学生的人体测量结果存在显著差异。实验组和对照组的被研究妇女的身体成分有显著差异。对试验组和控制组男性的人体测量结果的分析没有显示出参数之间的任何显著差异。生物阻抗测定显示排球运动员体内环境的组成与对照组有显著差异。结论:1。参与游戏型和循环型运动的女运动员的身体成分组成以及女排球运动员与对照组的生物阻抗参数存在差异。女排球运动员的体液总量、细胞内液和细胞外液、无脂肪、脂肪和活跃细胞质量等指标均高于女轻运动员和对照组。所得结果的差异在实验组中更为显著。2. 男性排球运动员的身体组成与未训练的学生相比,生物阻抗分析显示有显著差异。运动员的体液总量、无脂、脂肪和活性细胞质量等参数均超过对照组。3.根据女学生体育专业的不同,确定了人体测量参数的差异。女排球运动员的体重、身高、体重指数、体表面积、骨盆周长、大腿周长和手腕周长均高于女轻量级运动员。女排运动员和对照组学生的人体测量参数也有类似的差异。与对照组的学生相比,女运动员的体重指数、胸围和骨盆围均显著降低。男子排球运动员在人体测量参数上没有显著差异。他们的体重、身体的长度和表面积、胸围、大腿和手腕都趋于增加。
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