A comparison between numerical results of SEMN method and ENSEMBEL for finite microstrip antennas

Abstract

Using surface equivalence principle and multiple network theory (SEMN) several finite microstrip antennas were analyzed and their numerical results were compared with those of ENSEMBEL (an electromagnetic simulation software for microstrip antennas) [1]. It was derived that an infinite substrate assumption is considered in ENSEMBEL which results in zero electromagnetic radiation patterns at grazing angles and inaccurate numerical results for small substrate dimensions. In SEMN method, it was derived that a large number of surface segments are required for finite microstrip antennas that their substrates are not electrically too small.