Face recognition techniques with permanent changes: A review

Abstract

Biometrics has become an integral part for person identification. Out of all biometrics, face is used more often as it can be captured easily. Face recognition plays an important role in digital world and hence has gained a lot of attention. In this paper, focus is laid on the face recognition with permanent changes. Permanent changes in face can be naturally or artificially induced. In natural change, changes in face happen due to change in age while artificially face can be changed by plastic surgery, both these changes are permanent. Innovation of this paper is that survey for age and plastic surgery exist separately in literature but here, survey exists in the direction of those techniques which leave a permanent mark/change in face. In this paper, the comparison is made among various techniques for face recognition dealing with age and plastic surgery. This paper also provides future directions for further research.