Africa’s Poverty and Famines: Developmental Projects of China on Africa

Akhtar Gul, Muhammad Ghulam Shabeer, Rija Ahmad Abbasi, Abdul Wahab Khan
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Abstract

Poverty exists without any face; it is a multifaceted and complex phenomenon. Poverty and famines existed before human civilization and culture. Human culture existed 0.07 million years ago, and civilization began 6000 years ago. In a modern civilized society, ‘first famine in human history occurred in 1708 B.C. From 1708 BC to 1878 AD, 350 famines occurred in various spheres of the world. The Encyclopedia Britannica listed 31 main famines from prehistoric to the 1960s. The sub-continent has also faced eleven severe famines from 1769-70 to 1943, and about 40.9 million people have died due to these famines. Similarly, more than 2 billion people live below the poverty line. Besides, China left 800 million people due to ‘Open Door Policy’. Now she is changing the world's shape through BRI. Africa is a complex and perplexing region of the world. Because, Africa is facing all the root problems of the world, i.e., poverty, massive unemployment and income inequality, mono-culture political economy, border disputes, intra-state wars, and ethnic and lingual clashes. In the land of Africa, the first famine was recorded 2273 years ago in Ethiopia’. About 2,582 languages[i] and 1,382 dialects are found on the African continent. From 1945 to 1999, humanity faced 25 interstate wars, most of which occurred in Africa. Therefore, 127 civil wars happened among 73 states in the same era, and 16.2 million people died. The Export and Import Bank of China will spend 1US$ trillion on the African continent in 2025. [i]       Language which is speaking in Africa, Arabic (170 million) English (130 million), Swahili (100), French (115), Berber (50), Hausa (50), Portuguese (20) and Spanish (10) (Spolsky, 2018)
非洲的贫困与饥荒:中国对非发展项目
贫穷是没有脸面的;这是一个多方面的复杂现象。贫穷和饥荒在人类文明和文化之前就存在了。人类文化存在于7万年前,文明开始于6000年前。在现代文明社会中,人类历史上第一次饥荒发生在公元前1708年。从公元前1708年到公元1878年,世界各地共发生了350次饥荒。大英百科全书列出了从史前到20世纪60年代的31次主要饥荒。从1769-70年到1943年,次大陆还经历了11次严重的饥荒,约有4090万人死于这些饥荒。同样,有20多亿人生活在贫困线以下。此外,由于“开放政策”,中国离开了8亿人口。现在,她正在通过“一带一路”改变世界格局。非洲是世界上一个复杂而令人困惑的地区。因为,非洲正面临着世界上所有的根本问题,即贫困、大规模失业和收入不平等、单一文化的政治经济、边界争端、国家内部战争、种族和语言冲突。在非洲的土地上,第一次饥荒发生在2273年前的埃塞俄比亚。非洲大陆上大约有2582种语言[i]和1382种方言。从1945年到1999年,人类面临25次国家间战争,其中大部分发生在非洲。因此,同一时期在73个州发生了127次内战,造成1620万人死亡。2025年,中国进出口银行将在非洲大陆投资1万亿美元。[i]非洲使用的语言:阿拉伯语(1.7亿)、英语(1.3亿)、斯瓦希里语(100)、法语(115)、柏柏尔语(50)、豪萨语(50)、葡萄牙语(20)和西班牙语(10)(Spolsky, 2018)
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