Accurate calibration of CCD-cameras

Abstract

A basic review of the bundle adjustment with self-calibration is given. The mathematical model, parameter estimation, and quality analysis of calibration and positioning are covered. The calibration procedure, hardware, and testfield of an accuracy investigation with off-the-shelf CCD (charge-coupled device) camera, lens, and frame grabber are described. A relative accuracy in object space of 1 part in 30000 and an accuracy of 1/45 in image space were verified by independent measurements with theodolites.<>