H-shaped fractal antennas for dual-band applications

Abstract

This paper presents an antenna miniaturization technique which consists in using the space-filling property offered by the fractal concept. A rectangular Koch curve is applied in a dual-band H-shaped patch radiator in order to miniaturize the antenna at each level of iteration. The approach is validated by simulated and experimental results, which demonstrate good agreement. In comparison with the conventional H-shaped antenna, the H-shaped fractal antennas of level 1 and 2 present a lower first resonant frequency. This technique achieves miniaturization of up to 30 percent of the antenna's total size.