Quantum non-demolition photon counting in a 2d Rydberg atom array

Christopher Fechisin, Kunal Sharma, P. Bienias, S. Rolston, Trey Porto, M. Gullans, A. Gorshkov
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Abstract

Rydberg arrays merge the collective behavior of ordered atomic arrays with the controllability and optical nonlinearities of Rydberg systems, resulting in a powerful platform for realizing photonic many-body physics. As an application of this platform, we propose a protocol for quantum non-demolition (QND) photon counting. Our protocol involves photon storage in the Rydberg array, an observation phase consisting of a series of Rabi flops to a Rydberg state and measurements, and retrieval of the stored photons. The Rabi frequency experiences a $\sqrt{n}$ collective enhancement, where $n$ is the number of photons stored in the array. Projectively measuring the presence or absence of a Rydberg excitation after oscillating for some time is thus a weak measurement of photon number. We demonstrate that the photon counting protocol can be used to distill Fock states from arbitrary pure or mixed initial states and to perform photonic state discrimination. We confirm that the protocol still works in the presence of experimentally realistic noise.
二维里德伯原子阵列中的量子非拆除光子计数
里德伯阵列将有序原子阵列的集体行为与里德伯系统的可控性和光学非线性相结合,为实现光子多体物理提供了一个强大的平台。作为该平台的应用,我们提出了一种量子非拆除光子计数协议。我们的方案包括在里德伯阵列中存储光子,一个由一系列拉比跃迁到里德伯态和测量组成的观测阶段,以及存储光子的检索。Rabi频率经历$\sqrt{n}$集体增强,其中$n$是存储在阵列中的光子数。因此,在振荡一段时间后,投影测量里德伯激励的存在或不存在是光子数的弱测量。我们证明了光子计数协议可用于从任意纯初始态或混合初始态中提取Fock态,并进行光子态判别。我们证实,该方案仍然有效的存在,实验真实的噪声。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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