Screening three cultivars of mutant Potato with sodium azide for salt tolerance

Abstract

In vitro non- mutated and mutated plants with sodium azide at a concentration of 1 m mol for 30 minutes of three cultivars of Potato (Arnova, Provento and Emma) were screened to salt tolerate. Plants cultured in MS medium supplimented with different levels of sodium chloride (8, 10, 12 and 14 ds m-1) with comparison treatment ( electrical conductivity 6 ds m-1). The cultures were incubated at a temperature of 25 ± 2 and 16 hours  day -1. The data were taken on the morphological characteristics of the vegetative growth (plant height, number of shoots and nodes) and the fresh weight of the vegetative group and its content of Na+, K+, Ca++ and amino acid proline. The results showed that the cultivars differed significantly in the morphological  characteristics (plant height, number of  nodes  and the fresh weight of the vegetative growth, Arnova  cultivar  superior with  rates 5.55 cm, 5.72 plant node plant-1 and 236 mg, respectively. Salinity also caused a decrease in the rates of these traits by increasing the salinity levels in addition to its effect in increasing the accumulation of Na+ and decreasing K+, while it had no significant effect on the accumulation of  Ca++ and the amino acid proline. Mutation had no significant effect on the accumulation of Ca++  and proline, while an increase K+ in Provento cultivar at all salinity levels compared to 6 ds m-1 and a decrease in the Na+ content at 6, 8 and 14 ds. m-1.