Notice of RetractionWhat Damage the Object-Oriented Program by Friendship

Abstract

Friend keyword is a special syntax only in C++. Friend construct in C++ programming language is a violation of encapsulation, that will made default program become more and more difficult and complex. This paper will discuss how friend destroy the C++ programming language, and investigate this fault and the misunderstanding friend. This paper provides an estimate the polymorphism defects in design stage with friend. This metric can provide early information for developer on modify, redesign the system and find another way to fix these defect as well.