Assessment of regulatory enforcement across Indian states: a comparative study of determinants of enforcement effectiveness

Abstract

Environment agencies in developing economies demonstrate a poor level of enforcement of environment policies. Command and control measures though widely used, perform poorly due to limitations of the political institutions that are responsible for their monitoring and enforcement. The main objective of this research is to understand and evaluate the shortcomings of government regulatory agencies in developing countries that could explain why even systematically laid-out environmental laws often fail to demonstrate expected results.