Utilization of Landsat Satellite Imagery to Observe Environmental Change at Sinabung Mountain Area

Abstract

Ten years long eruption at Mt. Sinabung 2009 to 2018 generated a diverse surface environment, which is located in Sumatra Island, Indonesia. In fact, most of the eruption event probably being aware to vegetation changes and temperature changes during those eruptions shown in that period. Therefore, there was abundant data of satellite imagery to support the observation of stunning eruption one of the satellite imagery is Landsat 8 OLI. Field survey is also as evidence for fluctuated of volcanic activity during the Mt. Sinabung eruption by using position tracking, scenery taking, and temperature monitoring. Scope of observation is limited around 5 km and processed by using ArcGIS 10.3 and ENVI 4.7. In particular, results indicated that the intensity of Mt. Sinabung eruption increased every year, since 2009. According to temperature and vegetation information provided by Landsat 8 OLI shows an increase in temperature (by land surface temperature index or LST) simultaneously with a decrease in vegetation index (by Normalized Difference Vegetation Index or NDVI). In accordance with that information, this results confirm Mt. Sinabung erupted influences the environment stability.