The Analysis of Politeness Principles and Their Violations in Heidi's Cartoon Film Based on Leech’s Perspective

Abstract

This study was aimed 1) to reveal the utterances that contain approbation maxim in Heidi's film, 2) to reveal the utterances containing violations of approbation maxim in the Heidi cartoon film based on Leech's perspective. This study employed qualitative methodology utilizing watching techniques, scrutinizing, and taking note data collection. This study used triangulation to test the validity of data. Data analysis techniques used in this study were data reduction techniques, data presentation, and verification of conclusions. The research results explain that: Ten utterances contain approbation maxim in the Heidi cartoon based on Leech's perspective, which consists of approbation to parents, approbation to young people, and approbation to friends. Also, two utterances violate approbation maxim in the Heidi cartoon based on Leech's perspective, which consists of violations of approbation to young people and violations of approbation to friends. Keywords—heidi's cartoon film, approbation maxim, geoffreyleech