COMeT: Continuous Online Memory Test

Abstract

Today's computers have gigabytes of main memory due to improved DRAM density. As density increases, smaller bit cells become more susceptible to errors. With an increase in error susceptibility, the need for memory resiliency also increases. Self-testing of memory health can proactively check for errors to improve resiliency. This paper describes a software-only self test to continuously test memory. We present the challenges and design for an approach, called Continuous Online Memory Testing (COMeT), that targets chip multiprocessors. COMeT tests memory health simultaneously with application execution in anticipation of allocation requests. The approach guarantees that memory is tested within a fixed time interval to limit exposure to lurking errors. We developed and evaluated an implementation of COMeT. On the SPEC CPU2006 benchmarks, COMeT has a low 4% average performance overhead. When emulated errors were injected into physical memory, applications executed 1.13x to 4.41x longer with COMeT than without it.