Imagine Standards of Russian Comparisons Describing the World of Objects

Abstract

The article analyzes the features of the system of image standards of Russian stable comparisons that characterize objects which surround people. The classification of standards considers different criteria: the component composition of units, their thematic belonging, their potential complexity for foreign students. Image standards are divided into 35 thematic groups, which include sections and subgroups. The thematic subgroup of standards describing paradoxical situations is described in detail. Semantic models for the construction of standards related to the variant-synomistic series of phraseological units of this group are given. The standards that can be used with different bases of comparison are considered separately, the most popular of them are highlighted. The standards are also divided by structural features, single-component and multi-component units are singled out. The data of the analysis of the units functioning in context are presented. Also the experiment results, the purpose of which was to identify the most common and relevant standards of comparison for native speakers are given. The results of the study can be used in the preparation of an educational linguoculturological dictionary or a stratified manual, as well as in practical classes in Russian as a foreign language.