Evaluation of Municipal Waste Management Options by Circular Prevention Tools to Give Better Ways for Sustainable Transitions – A Case Study of Hanoi

Abstract

The transition management approach can help to improve municipal solid waste management in individual cities and city regions. The obsolete technological solutions of waste management cannot support efficient and sustainable urban waste management processes. We would like to present a possible solution to development of the municipal solid waste management system in a high population density megapolis, Hanoi (Vietnam). We examined the development opportunities at three strategic levels (governmental, enterprise and personal levels). We have analyzed the system at strategic, tactical, operational and reflexive levels also, using a transition matrix. Five development aspects and technological directions have been identified, and all of them could be applied at the three decision levels. We came to the conclusion that intervention is needed at all three levels. Based on our results, we have made proposals for the transformation of Hanoi solid waste management structure in the overall organizational structure.