Competitive, adaptive variety of soft winter wheat of universal type Stepnyachka 1

Abstract

The article presents the purpose, methods and results of studying a new variety of soft winter wheat Stepnyachka 1. The new variety was created using modern methods of traditional (classical), as well as haploid and marker breeding. The article presents a botanical description of a new variety of soft winter wheat, a variety of lutescens. Stepnyachka 1 is a productive variety, the average grain yield for four years of study (2019–2022) was 9.42 t/ha, which is 1.51 t/ha higher than the Grom standard, the maximum yield is 12.80 t/ha. Despite the longer stem in comparison with the semi-dwarf varieties Grom, the new genotype is highly resistant to lodging, due to the high strength of the stem. The variety has high indicators of phylogenetic resistance to low temperatures, which allow it to winter with guarantee in regions with harsh winter and spring conditions. Stepnyachka 1 has a high field resistance to major diseases (various types of rust, dusty smut, septoria, pyrenophorosis, fusarium, yellow dwarf barley virus). In terms of grain quality, it is not inferior to the Grom standard, which is included in the list of valuable wheat of the Russian Federation.