Geopolitical Constructs in the Structure of the Image of Russia

Vladislav Andreevich Shmygin, V. L. Shultz
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Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the geopolitical image of Russia, namely the structurally filling elements - constructs. The geopolitical constructs characteristic of the Russian case are considered by the authors, both from the point of view of the geographical and spatial representation of the country, and from the position of the geopolitical processes in which Russia is included. The geographical-spatial component of the geopolitical image is revealed by the authors through the analysis of the classical constructs of geopolitics represented by the theories of X.Mackinder, N.Speakman, G. Vernadsky, Z.Brzezinski. The geo-economic, cultural and civilizational, status-political and conjectural components of the geopolitical image of Russia, which determine the system of representations and the geopolitical identity of the country, are analyzed in the work. The main conclusions of the work are formed from the analysis of the geopolitical image and consideration of its internal elements. The authors indicate the integral nature of the geopolitical image, the complexity of which is analyzed on the basis of each individual component. In the spatial and geographical plane, the idea of Russia's position in the "core" of the Eurasian continent is recognized as the main geopolitical construct. The geo-economic component is revealed through the geopolitical configuration of the core and periphery, in which Russia will only have to take its stable positions, depending on the future structure of the economy. The status component defines the Russian geopolitical image through the available official and unofficial (image component) elements. At the same time, the cultural and civilizational issue is the most ambitious in the context of the multiplicity of geopolitical constructs: for example, the authors consider the idea of Eurasianism in the structure of the geopolitical image.
俄罗斯形象结构中的地缘政治建构
本文主要研究俄罗斯地缘政治形象的结构填充要素——构念。作者从国家的地理和空间代表性的角度,以及从俄罗斯所处的地缘政治进程的位置出发,考虑了俄罗斯案例的地缘政治结构特征。作者通过对以麦金德、斯皮克曼、韦尔纳德斯基、布热津斯基等人的理论为代表的地缘政治经典建构的分析,揭示了地缘政治形象的地理空间成分。本书分析了俄罗斯地缘政治形象的地缘经济、文化和文明、地位政治和推测成分,这些成分决定了俄罗斯的表征体系和地缘政治认同。本文的主要结论是通过对地缘政治形象的分析和对其内在因素的思考得出的。作者指出了地缘政治形象的整体性质,并在每个单独组成部分的基础上分析了其复杂性。在空间和地理层面上,俄罗斯处于欧亚大陆“核心”位置的理念被认为是主要的地缘政治建构。地缘经济的组成部分是通过核心和外围的地缘政治配置来揭示的,俄罗斯只需要根据未来的经济结构采取稳定的立场。状态组件通过可用的官方和非官方(图像组件)元素定义俄罗斯的地缘政治形象。与此同时,文化和文明问题在地缘政治结构的多样性背景下是最具雄心的:例如,作者在地缘政治形象的结构中考虑欧亚主义的概念。
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