Society divided: fear as the key factor of John Wayne style leaders

Maciej Milczanowski, P. Zimbardo
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Abstract

Fear is one of the strongest motivators. It induces and seals the borderlines between nations, society groups, races, religions, but also family members, students, kids in the neighborhood. We can differ in many things, even strongly conflicting yet with no violence, but when fear appears, especially enforced by lack of responsibility conviction, conflicts turn, step by step into spiral we call “Lucifer Effect”. Politicians who pursue more control in all spheres of life, claim they need this control to protect “us” from “them”. Such extraordinary controlling measures must be taken because all who disagree with “us” are the enemy – “them”, who threat our safety. Such leaders “play” the role of symbolic John Wayne, inducting fear, which make people insecure and looking for strong – uncompromising leader, who will defend “us” from “them”.
社会分裂:恐惧是约翰·韦恩式领导者的关键因素
恐惧是最强大的动力之一。它在国家、社会团体、种族、宗教之间,以及家庭成员、学生、邻居的孩子之间,划定并封闭了界限。我们可以在很多事情上有所不同,甚至在没有暴力的情况下产生强烈的冲突,但当恐惧出现时,特别是由于缺乏责任信念,冲突就会转变,一步一步地进入螺旋状,我们称之为“路西法效应”。在生活的各个领域追求更多控制的政客声称,他们需要这种控制来保护“我们”免受“他们”的伤害。必须采取这种非同寻常的控制措施,因为所有与“我们”意见不一致的人都是威胁我们安全的敌人——“他们”。这样的领导者“扮演”着约翰·韦恩(John Wayne)的象征性角色,引发恐惧,使人们缺乏安全感,并寻找强大而不妥协的领导者,保护“我们”免受“他们”的侵害。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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