Analysis of the Risk Factors of Premature Labor: Scoping Review

Abstract

— Preterm labor globally is the leading cause of death in children under 5 years of age. Indonesia is the fifth country with the number of preterm births in the world. The exact cause of preterm labor is unknown, various causes and factors are suspected as the cause of preterm labor. Objective to analyze the risk factors associated with the incidence of preterm labor. Method scoping review with PRISMA flowchart. Identify a research question with the PEOS framework. The selection of articles published from 2010-2020 uses the Pubmed, Wiley, and Garuda databases with keywords. The assessment of the article uses the critical appraisal. The identification results were 183 articles. After duplication screening, title, abstract relevance, and inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 articles had grade A. The conclusion that the most dominant maternal risk factors for preterm labor were history of preterm labor, history of SC, gestation interval less than 12 months and active smoker or tobacco users. Fetal risk factors include intrauterine fetal death and fetal anomaly. The dominant clinical risk factors are antepartum hemorrhage, gestational diabetes, hypertension with pre-eclampsia.