Magnitude and Evolution of Piezo-electric Nonlinearities in (111)-Oriented Strained Multiple Quantum Wells

D. McCallum, A. N. Cartwright, T. Boggess, A. Smirl, T. Moise, L. Guido, R. Barker
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Abstract

Extremely large optical nonlinearities have been predicted1 in strained quantum wells and superlattices composed of zincblende materials grown on substrates oriented in directions other than (100). In such materials, the strain produces a piezo-electric field along the growth direction, which Stark shifts the excitonic resonances to lower energies. The nonlinearity then arises from a blue shift of the exciton as this strain-induced field is screened by the redistribution of photogenerated charge within the quantum wells. Recently, the existence and screening of these fields has been demonstrated2,3 and the first measurements of the optical nonlinearity reported4. Specifically, in the latter studies4, optical nonlinearities were measured in In0.15Ga0.85As/GaAs multiple quantum wells oriented in the (211) direction that were approximately one order of magnitude larger than those of a similar structure grown in the (100) direction and roughly an order of magnitude larger than those previously reported in multiple quantum well structures.
(111)取向应变多量子阱中压电非线性的大小和演化
在非(100)取向的基底上生长的由锌闪锌矿材料组成的应变量子阱和超晶格中,已经预测了极大的光学非线性。在这种材料中,应变沿着生长方向产生一个压电场,斯塔克将激子共振转移到较低的能量。非线性则是由激子的蓝移引起的,因为这种应变诱导的场被量子阱内光生电荷的再分配所屏蔽。最近,这些场的存在和筛选已经被证明了2,3,并报道了光学非线性的第一次测量4。具体来说,在后面的研究中,在(211)方向上的In0.15Ga0.85As/GaAs多量子阱中测量到的光学非线性比在(100)方向上生长的类似结构的光学非线性大约大一个数量级,比先前报道的多量子阱结构的光学非线性大约大一个数量级。
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