Neuronal population biomarkers of temporal difference learning in human impulsive choices

R. Cowan, T. Davis, B. Kundu, J. Rolston, Elliot H. Smith
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Abstract

Impulsive choice is a facet of impulsivity that may lead to one to choose smaller, more immediate rewards over larger, delayed rewards. Impulsive choice is a kind of maladaptive decision making that is a fundamental element of relapse in substance use disorder. Despite its essential role in relapse, there is currently little understanding of the neural basis of impulsive choices. Better understanding of the neural correlates of impulsivity could lead to improved diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders in which impulsive choice plays a role. In this work, we examined impulsive choice behavior in humans undergoing intracranial seizure monitoring by fitting temporal difference learning models to behavior and broadband high frequency (70–150 Hz) local field potentials. We found neural and behavioral differences between more and less impulsive choosers, informing the neural underpinnings of impulsive choices and describing a biomarker for reward expectation and surprise in the human brain.
人类冲动选择中时间差异学习的神经元群体生物标志物
冲动选择是冲动的一个方面,它可能导致人们选择较小的、更直接的奖励,而不是较大的、延迟的奖励。冲动性选择是一种不适应决策,是物质使用障碍复发的根本因素。尽管它在复发中起着至关重要的作用,但目前对冲动选择的神经基础知之甚少。更好地理解冲动的神经关联可以改善对冲动选择起作用的精神疾病的诊断和治疗。在这项工作中,我们通过将时间差异学习模型拟合到行为和宽带高频(70-150 Hz)局部场电位中,研究了接受颅内癫痫监测的人的冲动选择行为。我们发现了冲动选择者和较少冲动选择者之间的神经和行为差异,为冲动选择的神经基础提供了信息,并描述了人类大脑中奖励预期和惊喜的生物标记。
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