Frame Design for Differential Packet-Level Index Modulation implemented by LoRaWAN

Abstract

LoRaWAN is focused as one of standards for LPWA (Low Power Wide Area) that is employed in IoT (Internet of Things) system. In order to realize a packet-level index modulation (PLIM), this paper implements the sensor nodes with LoRaWAN. In this paper, a differential PLIM (DPLIM) which is based on PLIM without a time frame synchronization is studied. The use of DPLIM implemented in LoRaWAN requires the design of a new time frame to transmit at any given time. The new time frame design is based on the specification of LoRaWAN that the sensor node has to open two receive windows after transmits a packet. This paper uses the implemented wireless sensor node and confirms the performance of DPLIM that is better than that of conventional PLIM.