Ultrasound imaging in brachial plexus blockade

Abstract

Ultrasonography has provided anesthesiologists with the opportunity to visualize anatomy and guide needle insertion to peripheral nerves, as well as ensuring deposition of local anesthetic solutions accurately. Potential benefits include improved efficiency of nerve blockade, reduced patient discomfort, improved block efficacy, and avoidance of undesirable needle trauma or injection trauma to nerves or surrounding structures. Methods of blocking the brachial plexus using ultrasound guidance are reviewed and the existing literature summarized.