Efficiency of control of segetal vegetation in oats in organic agriculture

Abstract

The article analyzes the results of studies conducted in the stationary experiment of NSC «Institute of Agriculture NAAS» to determine the impact of different systems of basic tillage on weed agrocenosis of oats in single and mixed crops with legumes (oats + diaper). The aim of the research is to establish the influence of different systems of basic tillage on the level of weediness of crops. The technology of growing crops in the experiment is generally accepted and recommended for the research area. The obtained research results convincingly show that from the replacement of fallow plowing by 20–22 cm by autumn disc cultivation by 10–12 cm weediness of oat crops at the time of its tillering increased from 15 to 25 pieces/m2 on average during the research or 40%. It was found that sowing oat-diaper mixture with 25% bean component, regardless of the system of main tillage, is an effective phytocoenotic agro-measure of control of segetal vegetation and reduces by 9–20% weed binary crops compared to monocotyledons. The priority of application of additional agrotechnical measure of control of segetal vegetation in agrocenosis of oats by carrying out spring pre-emergence loosening of soil by non-shelf implements by 6–8 cm was proved, which allowed to significantly reduce weed infestation. In particular, the spring pre-emergence loosening against the background of fallow plowing and autumn shallow disc cultivation weed reduction of oat crops decreased by 18 and 25% and 20 and 26%, respectively.