Microalgae in terms of modern-day biotechnology

Abstract

Green, red, brown, and diatomic algae, as well as cyanobacteria, have been in the focus of attention of scientists and technologists for over five decades. This is due to their importance in the capacity of efficient and economical producers of food additives, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, biofertilizers, biofuels, and wastewater bioremediation agents. The present work deals with global recent relevant developments and addresses the question whether microalgae and their products can meet new challenges in terms of cutting-edge biotechnological developments based on synthetic biology, phenomics, and the Internet of Things (IoT).