Utilization of Agricultural Waste to Be Bioethanol Sources as a Solvent on Paraffin Wax Crude Oil Issues

Abstract

Crude oil is a chemical compound of saturated paraffin wax, aromatics, napthane, asphaltic, and resins indeed this material produce wax deposits. Deposition of paraffin has potential to harmful the production due to the existence of blockages, whether partial or the whole of the pipeline. Various techniques have been developed to overcome this problem; one of them is the use of solvents from agriculture waste. Incidentally, the materials are easy to obtained and economical. Based on the Central Bureau of Statistics data, the agricultural waste in Indonesia recorded 5,883,730 tons/year for corn waste, 439,657 tons/year for pineapple skin waste, and 15.8 tons/year for rice husk waste. The potential of agricultural waste can be used as a source of raw materials for manufacturing solvents by using bioethanol by ways of pretreatment, hydrolysis, fermentation, and distillation process. In addition, the result of several past studies shows that bioethanol made from pineapple skin produce 8% of ethanol; bioethanol from corncobs produce 19-22% of ethanol; and bioethanol from rice husk produce 14.4227% of ethanol. Therefore, it means that agricultural waste can be used as a source of bioethanol in manufacture of solvent and could overcome the problem of paraffin wax.