STUDY OF THE METHODS OF DETERMİNİNG AND MANAGİNG THE ENTERPRİSE'S EXPORT CAPACİTY BASED ON İNTERNATİONAL BUSİNESS PRACTİCES

Abstract

Export potential, being a part of the country's economic potential, is the ability to produce and export various types of material goods and services in the quantity and quality corresponding to the demands of foreign market consumers as a result of the full use of the means of production of the economy and its sectors. It should be noted that there must be a demand for them to be exported. Considering that the amount of products that the country can produce is quite small compared to the number of products in the world market, the country's demand potential for oil products may always be there. When analyzing the export potential, other factors to consider are quality, compliance with global base standards, and prices. In our opinion, if the price of the product in the domestic market is lower than the price of this product in the international market, then there is export potential. In other words, when evaluating the export potential of products, prices should be compared and it should be determined whether the product in question can be sold profitably at international prices. One of the main factors determining the formation and development of export potential is the availability of natural resources in the country and the level of their use. The availability of natural resources and the level of their exploitation determine the development of the productive forces of the country, especially the means of material production and, based on this, the export potential. Therefore, the export opportunities of this or that country directly depend on the number of natural resources discovered and exploited by the country and the natural conditions. Thus, it can be said that the export potential existing during a certain period is based on both used and unexploited cumulative natural resources. One of the constituent elements of export potential is labor resources determined by a system of quantitative and qualitative indicators. This includes scientific personnel, workers working in different fields of industry, and persons engaged in organizational and management work related to the export of products and their realization in the foreign market. The quantitative increase and qualitative change of labor resources are the basis for the acceleration of ETT, the improvement of the efficiency of the use of productive forces, and the development of the country's export potential based on this. In this regard, it is necessary to pay more and special attention to more efficient use of labor resources, increase, and improvement of their qualifications, and other factors. Currently, in connection with the development of science and technology, technological development plays an important role in expanding export potential by increasing the country's competitiveness in foreign markets. Technological innovation leads to differences between production processes in individual countries, and due to this innovation, that country has a comparative advantage. At this time, until the new technology spreads to other countries, the innovative country becomes a monopoly in the export of this product, even if temporarily, and thereby gets the opportunity to ensure the maximum level of development of its export potential. As it is known, historically underdeveloped countries have dominated the export of raw materials. However, the low level of demand for raw materials in developed countries, the policy of protectionism introduced by them, the application of technologies that save raw materials and the use of synthetic substitutes, etc. depending on the reasons, the country's opportunities to expand its export potential due to raw materials are limited. In particular, taking into account that comparative advantages have gradually changed towards technology-intensive production in recent times, increasing the share of the processing sector, mainly science and capital-intensive products, in the commodity composition of exports is considered more appropriate and promising. Recently, the trade and economic relations of the Republic of Azerbaijan with a number of countries in the world have expanded. This has led to an increase in import-export relations. A systematic approach, programming, and other methods, reflected in the experience of developed countries of the world, operate in such a way that the export potential structure of the systematic approach is predicted as a component of economic growth. It should be noted that in addition to the problem of expanding the country's export opportunities, it is also necessary to consider the country's import policy. Because the import substitution strategy plays no small role in the development of the country's export potential. Although the export-oriented model is the main strategy aimed at the development of the export potential by making maximum use of the existing and potential opportunities of the leading industrial and agricultural sectors of the developing and, especially, transition economies, during the formation period, the protection of the national industrial and agricultural sectors from the negative effects of imports, their increasing import substitution policy should also be used to increase its competitiveness and gain access to the foreign market in the future. Keywords: export potential, import, foreign trade, risk, international trade, competition.