A Case of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis following Second Dose of COVID-19 Vaccination.

IF 1.7 4区医学 Q3 HEMATOLOGY

Acta Haematologica Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.1159/000526980

Hee Won Park, Gi June Min, Tong Yoon Kim, Seok-Goo Cho

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare, severe hyperinflammatory disease characterized by overproduction of cytokines and hemophagocytosis of hematopoietic cells, resulting in multiorgan failure. Prompt treatment initiation is essential for patient survival. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to the rapid development of several vaccines, including BNT162b2 by Pfizer-BioNTech. Few cases of immune-mediated complications of COVID-19 and its vaccines have been reported, characterized by persistent stimulation of the immune system, resembling HLH. We report the case of a 21-year-old man with secondary HLH following a second dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine. The patient did not have primary HLH or other contributors to secondary HLH and met the HLH-2004 diagnostic criteria. He was safely treated with steroid pulse therapy alone, without etoposide, cyclosporin, or immunoglobulins, which are recommended for pediatric patients. Physicians need to be aware of such severe complications following a second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine.

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第二剂新冠肺炎疫苗接种后发生嗜血球性淋巴组织细胞增多症1例。

噬血细胞淋巴组织细胞病(HLH)是一种罕见的、严重的高炎症性疾病，其特征是细胞因子的过度产生和造血细胞的噬血细胞症，导致多器官功能衰竭。及时开始治疗对患者的生存至关重要。2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行导致了几种疫苗的快速开发，包括辉瑞- biontech公司的BNT162b2。很少有COVID-19及其疫苗免疫介导并发症的病例报告，其特征是免疫系统持续受到刺激，类似于HLH。我们报告一名21岁男子在接种第二剂BNT162b2疫苗后继发HLH的病例。患者无原发性HLH或其他致继发性HLH的因素，符合HLH-2004诊断标准。他接受了安全的类固醇脉冲治疗，不使用依托泊苷、环孢素或免疫球蛋白，这些都是推荐给儿科患者的。医生需要意识到第二剂COVID-19疫苗后的严重并发症。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Acta Haematologica 医学-血液学

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： ''Acta Haematologica'' is a well-established and internationally recognized clinically-oriented journal featuring balanced, wide-ranging coverage of current hematology research. A wealth of information on such problems as anemia, leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, hereditary disorders, blood coagulation, growth factors, hematopoiesis and differentiation is contained in first-rate basic and clinical papers some of which are accompanied by editorial comments by eminent experts. These are supplemented by short state-of-the-art communications, reviews and correspondence as well as occasional special issues devoted to ‘hot topics’ in hematology. These will keep the practicing hematologist well informed of the new developments in the field.