Inconsistency between the Circulatory and the Brain Criteria of Death in the Uniform Determination of Death Act.

IF 1.3 3区 哲学 Q3 ETHICS
Alberto Molina-Pérez, James L Bernat, Anne Dalle Ave
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引用次数: 5

Abstract

The Uniform Determination of Death Act (UDDA) provides that "an individual who has sustained either (1) irreversible cessation of circulatory and respiratory functions or (2) irreversible cessation of all functions of the entire brain, including the brain stem, is dead." We show that the UDDA contains two conflicting interpretations of the phrase "cessation of functions." By one interpretation, what matters for the determination of death is the cessation of spontaneous functions only, regardless of their generation by artificial means. By the other, what matters is the cessation of both spontaneous and artificially supported functions. Because each UDDA criterion uses a different interpretation, the law is conceptually inconsistent. A single consistent interpretation would lead to the conclusion that conscious individuals whose respiratory and circulatory functions are artificially supported are actually dead, or that individuals whose brain is entirely and irreversibly destroyed may be alive. We explore solutions to mitigate the inconsistency.

《统一死亡判定法》中循环死亡标准与脑死亡标准的不一致。
《统一死亡判定法》(UDDA)规定,“一个人如果(1)循环和呼吸功能不可逆转地停止,或(2)整个大脑(包括脑干)的所有功能不可逆转地停止,他就已经死亡。”我们表明UDDA包含对短语“功能停止”的两种相互冲突的解释。根据一种解释,决定死亡的关键仅仅是自发功能的停止,而不管这些功能是通过人工手段产生的。另一方面,重要的是停止自发和人为支持的功能。由于每个UDDA标准使用不同的解释,因此法律在概念上是不一致的。一个单一的一致的解释将导致这样的结论:呼吸和循环功能被人工支持的有意识的人实际上已经死亡,或者大脑被完全不可逆转地破坏的人可能还活着。我们将探讨缓解不一致的解决方案。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
6.20%
发文量
30
期刊介绍: This bimonthly publication explores the shared themes and concerns of philosophy and the medical sciences. Central issues in medical research and practice have important philosophical dimensions, for, in treating disease and promoting health, medicine involves presuppositions about human goals and values. Conversely, the concerns of philosophy often significantly relate to those of medicine, as philosophers seek to understand the nature of medical knowledge and the human condition in the modern world. In addition, recent developments in medical technology and treatment create moral problems that raise important philosophical questions. The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy aims to provide an ongoing forum for the discussion of such themes and issues.
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